Organic matter and bulk density in a vertisol soil from the Cauto valley, cultivated with Oryza sativa L. in Granma
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56124/Keywords:
sustainable management, Productivity, yieldsAbstract
The study of the physical and chemical properties of the soil profile in flooded rice systems is essential for understanding nutrient dynamics under anaerobic conditions. The study of the physical and chemical properties of the soil profile in flooded rice systems is essential for understanding nutrient dynamics under anaerobic conditions. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the organic matter content and bulk density of Oryza sativa L. crops in Granma Province, Cuba. The study was conducted as part of a production trial at the “Pedro Borras Borroto” Base Business Unit (UEB), which belongs to the “Fernando Echenique Urquiza” Agroindustrial Grain Company, on a Dark Plastic Gleyed (Vertisol) soil, where the INCA LP-7 cultivar was planted. Sampling was performed using the transect method at depths of 0–20 cm, 0–40 cm, and 0–80 cm, with the aim of determining organic matter content and bulk density. Data were analyzed using simple classified analysis of variance. Significant differences were observed in organic matter, which decreased from 2.5% in the surface layer to 1.3% at 40 cm and 0.80% at 80 cm, attributable to the accumulation of plant residues and the slowing of mineralization at greater depths. Bulk density showed decreasing values of 1.28 g cm⁻³, 1.14 g cm⁻³, and 1.01 g cm⁻³, indicating greater surface compaction. On the other hand, the deeper layers retained a more porous structure. It was determined that the system exhibits a dual edaphic profile, characterized by the accumulation of organic matter in the surface layer and a lower bulk density in the subsoil, resulting in a heterogeneous vertical distribution.
Downloads
References
Bai, X., Smidt, S. J., Her, Y. G., Li, Y., Kim, D., Manirakiza, N., Duriancik, L., & Bhadha, J. H. (2024). Sensitivity of redox conditions to irrigation practice and organic matter decomposition in a rotational flooded rice (Oryza sativa) cropping system. Journal of Environmental Quality, e70087. https://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.70087
Botta, G. F., Jorajuria, D., Draghi, L., & Rosatto, H. (2006). Light tractor traffic frequency effects on soil compaction and crop yield in silty loam Mollic Vertic Argiudoll. Ciencia del Suelo, 24(2), 197-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2005.01.014
Casanovas, E., Suárez del Villar, A., Álvarez, A., & Avilleira, I. (2022). Valoración de la seguridad alimentaria cubana a partir de la superficie agrícola explotada y los rendimientos agrícolas. Revista Universidad y Sociedad, 14(5), 304-314. http://scielo.sld.cu/pdf/rus/v14n5/2218-3620-rus-14-05-304.pdf
Cid-Lazo, G., López-Seijas, T., Herrera-Puebla, J., & González-Robaina, F. (2021). Variación de la densidad aparente para diferentes contenidos de agua en suelos cubanos. Revista Ingeniería Agrícola, 11(2), e01. https://www.redalyc.org/journal/5862/586266250001/html/
Del Valle, J., González, D., Rafael, L., Sánchez, O. R., & Delgado, C. (2022). Efecto de las variables climáticas sobre el rendimiento agrícola del arroz (Oryza sativa L.). Revista Ingeniería Agrícola, 12(1), 29-33.
Di Rienzo, J. A., Casanoves, F., Balzarini, M. G., Gonzalez, L., Tablada, M., & Robledo, C. W. (2020). InfoStat versión 2020 [Software]. Centro de Transferencia InfoStat, FCA, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. http://www.infostat.com.ar
Domínguez, C., Díaz, G., Domínguez, D., Miranda, A., Duarte, C., Ruiz, M., Rodríguez, A., & Martin, R. (2020). Influencia de la Agricultura de Conservación sobre propiedades del suelo bajo cultivo de arroz irrigado. Revista Ciencias Técnicas Agropecuarias, 29(3), 75-83.
Gao, W., Wu, J., Li, Y., & Wang, X. (2020). Soil organic carbon and its fractions in relation to soil physical properties in a rice-wheat rotation system. Soil and Tillage Research, 199, Article 104576. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2020.104576
Gavande, S. A. (1987). Física de suelos: Principios y aplicaciones (1ª ed.). Limusa.
Hernández, J. A., Jiménez, P. J. M., Bosch, I. D., & Castro, N. (2015). Clasificación de los suelos de Cuba. Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Agrícolas. https://ediciones.inca.edu.cu/files/libros/clasificacionsueloscuba_%202015.pdf
xJiang, S., Liu, X., Lu, Y., Wu, J., Zhang, L., Wang, J., & Wu, W. (2023). Profile and nano-scale distribution of soil organic carbon for upland and paddy soils from an alluvial plain in South China. Chemical Geology, 640, Article 121740. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2023.121740
Li, X., Han, Z., Zhao, W., Zhang, L., Li, Z., & Chen, Z. (2021). Distribution and determinants of organic carbon and available nutrients in tropical paddy soils revealed by high-resolution sampling. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 319, Article 107565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2021.107565
Liu, Y., Ge, T., van Groenigen, K. J., Bai, X., Liu, B., Guggenberger, G., & Kuzyakov, Y. (2021). Rice paddy soils are a quantitatively important carbon store according to a global synthesis. Communications Earth & Environment, 2(1), Article 154. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-021-00229-0
Mugiyo, H., Chimonyo, V. G., Sibanda, M., Kunz, R., Masemola, C. R., Modi, A. T., & Mabhaudhi, T. (2021). Evaluation of land suitability methods with reference to neglected and underutilised crop species: A scoping review. Land, 10(2), Article 125. https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/2/125/pdf
Mursec, M., Leveque, L., Chaussod, R., & Curmi, P. (2018). The impact of drip irrigation on soil quality in sloping orchards developed on marl – a case study. Plant and Soil Environment, 64, 20-25. https://doi.org/10.17221/623/2017-pse
Navidi, M. N., Seyedmohammadi, J., & McDowell, R. W. (2022). A proposed new approach to identify limiting factors in assessing land suitability for sustainable land management. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 53(19), 2558-2573. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/JavadSeyedmohammadi/publication/361561907_A_Proposed_New_Approach_to_Identify_Limiting_Factors_in_Assessing_Land_Suitability_for_Sustainable_Land_Management/links/649273ce8de7ed28ba40a0cd/A-Proposed-New-Approach-to-Identify-Limiting-Factors-in-Assessing-Land-Suitability-for-Sustainable-Land-Management.pdf
Soil Survey Staff. (2014). Keys to Soil Taxonomy (12th ed.). USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service.
Tang, H., Li, C., Xiao, X., Pan, X., Cheng, K., Li, W., & Wang, K. (2018). Effects of long-term organic matter application on soil carbon accumulation and nitrogen use efficiency in a double-cropping rice field. Environmental Research Letters, 17(7), Article 074002. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad4c5e
Walkley, A., & Black, I. A. (1934). An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter, and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science, 34(1), 29-38.
Wang, Z., Ma, J., Liu, S., Liu, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, S., & Wang, X. (2022). Effects of different water management and fertilizer methods on soil temperature, radiation and rice growth. Scientific Reports, 12, Article 16287. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-20764-w
Weiglein, A., Lehmann, J., & Solomon, D. (2022). Key predictors of soil organic matter vulnerability to mineralization differ with depth at a continental scale. Biogeochemistry, 157(1), 87-107. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-021-00873-5
Zhang, L., Zhuang, Q., Zhao, H., Wang, P., Ma, X., Yuan, W., Wang, D., & Dai, Y. (2021). Biogeochemistry of paddy soils: A review on microbial biomass and activity. Geoderma, 401, Article 115339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.115339
Zheng, K., Cheng, J., Xia, J., Liu, G., & Xu, L. (2021). Effects of soil bulk density and moisture content on the physico-mechanical properties of paddy soil in plough layer. Water, 13(16), Article 2290. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13162290
Zhu, H., Zhang, X., Li, J., & Wang, Y. (2023). Long-term rice cultivation improved coastal saline soil properties and multifunctionality of subsoil layers. Soil Use and Management, 39(3), 987-1001. https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12945
Additional Files
Published
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Armando Rodríguez Rosa, Sergio F. Rodríguez Rodríguez, María de los Ángeles Jiménez Pizarro , Ana Deysi Fernández Franco, Roberto Alejandro García Reyes, Manuel José Linates Álvaro, Oandis Sosa Sánchez
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 Unported License.
Protección intelectual y licencia. La Revista y cada uno de los artículos y ensayos que se publican están licenciados por Creative Commons 3.0 Ecuador (CC), que establece: "Atribución - No Comercial - Sin Derivadas", lo cual indica que:
- Compartir: el material puede ser distribuido, copiado y exhibido por terceros siempre que se le atribuya el crédito al autor/a.
- Atribución: El autor debe dar crédito de manera adecuada, brindar un enlace a la licencia, e indicar si se han realizado cambios. Puede hacerlo en cualquier forma razonable, pero no de forma tal que sugiera que usted o su uso tienen el apoyo de la licenciante.
- No comercial: No se puede hacer uso del material con propósitos comerciales.
- SinDerivadas — Si remezcla, transforma o crea a partir del material, no podrá distribuir el material modificado.
No hay restricciones adicionales — No puede aplicar términos legales ni medidas tecnológicas que restrinjan legalmente a otras a hacer cualquier uso permitido por la licencia.
Lectores (as). La Revista permite la posibilidad de que los lectores o lectoras puedan, de forma gratuita, descargar, almacenar, copiar y distribuir la versión final aprobada y publicada (post print) del artículo, siempre y cuando se realice sin fines comerciales, no se generen obras derivadas y se mencione la fuente y autoría de la obra.
Autores (as). La Revista permite la publicación del post-print en repositorios y sitios web. La Revista coloca a disponibilidad los artículos, en repositorios de terceros, inmediatamente después de su publicación.
Teléfono: +53 53361803
